<div dir="ltr">George,<div><br></div><div>Thank you for this detailed analysis and for your persistence toward finding truth and seeking environmental justice.</div><div><br></div><div>Vic</div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Tue, Sep 15, 2020 at 1:07 PM gbanz42--- via Green <<a href="mailto:green@fuusm.org">green@fuusm.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Green Sanctuary Committee:<br>
<br>
A lot has happened with our organized opposition to the application from Deep Rock Disposal to he USACE., especially since statewide and regional groups, like Sierra Club, and even independent oil& gas producers (would you believe?). There was a "people's hearing" by these groups held on August 27. Someone from Sierra Club is hand-delivering the transcript from this meeting to the USACE. I did participate in that meeting. <br>
<br>
<br>
I have prepared the summary of how fracking waste is produced, transported, <br>
and injecting into the ground. I am not a petroleum engineer--but I did stay at <br>
a Holiday Inn last night!!. :-) <br>
<br>
Seriously, it has been my observation that fossil-fuel lobbyists and public <br>
officials, whose ears they have, portray environmentalists as naive, uniformed, <br>
and misinformed on issues related to the scientific and engineering aspects of <br>
hydraulic fracturing (we should initially refer to the process with these words <br>
rather than "fracking"). With that in mind I have prepared the summary below for <br>
the edification of all those involved with the Deep Rock issue. I think that we <br>
should all know as much as we can about this whole process while we are engaged <br>
in opposing what companies like Deep Rock are doing. <br>
<br>
<br>
I have consulted with two petroleum engineers in preparing this summary. <br>
There may be a few mistakes in my summary, but I think for the most part it is <br>
pretty accurate although my opinions peak through in some cases. If some people <br>
are already aware of these facts, I apologize for the redundancy. <br>
<br>
Please forward this entire message to the mailing list you have --many <br>
thanks. <br>
<br>
The Journey of Fluids (Waste) from Hydraulic Fracturing (Fracking) <br>
<br>
1. Hydraulic Fracturing Process. In the fracking process vertical wells are <br>
drilled 5,000-8,000 feet below the surface of the earth from drilling pads on <br>
the surface. Perforated piping is then run horizontally in 200-foot sections <br>
into geological formations that contain oil and/or gas. A water mixture (up to <br>
one million gallons per well) is then pushed through the piping, which is <br>
encased in cement material. This mixture is over 90% water but it also contains <br>
sand, acid, and other chemicals, some of which are considered toxic under other <br>
circumstances (disposal companies are not obliged by law to reveal this mixture <br>
of chemicals, even though at about one per cent of the mixture of one million <br>
gallons they do not amount to teaspoon quantities). Some of this fracking waste <br>
is radioactive. As the mixture passes through the perforations, it fractures the <br>
rock and releases the oil or gas. When the mixture of oil/gas and water comes to <br>
surface, it is placed into separation tanks. The water mixture goes to the <br>
bottom of the tank, and oil and gas (in somewhat different ways) go to the <br>
surface. The fracking fluids are then transported to injection wells. <br>
<br>
2. Transportation. In southeastern Ohio fracking waste is transported in trucks <br>
on state highways and local roads. Deep Rock Disposal asserts that transport by <br>
barge would be better for the environment and safer than truck transport.. They <br>
have not yet responded to the question whether the total amount of fracking <br>
waste will be greater if their application to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers <br>
for the re-purposed barge off-load facility is approved—that is, will truck <br>
transport be completed eliminated if they start transporting by barge? It should <br>
be pointed out that barge transport of fracking waste from Ohio, Pennsylvania, <br>
and West Virginia will be traveling by barge on the Ohio River. Ohio receives <br>
$.05/barrel of fracking waste from OH and $.25/barrel for waste from WV and PA. <br>
In 2019 Ohio received 2.5 million barrels of fracking waste. Some think that <br>
this is an under-estimate. Washington County leads the state in fracking waste <br>
disposal sites with 15. Although barges with the fracking waste will be <br>
transported on the Ohio River, which is situated in WV (up to the bank on the OH <br>
side), neither the U.S. Coast Guard nor any agency in WV has reviewed the Deep <br>
Rock application. There are many other questions about the Deep Rock <br>
application which have been posed to the USACE at their August 7 virtual public <br>
meeting and at the Peoples Hearing, sponsored by the Sierra Club and several <br>
other organizations. In order to receive USACE responses and Deep Rock responses <br>
to the many questions posed by those interested in this issue, I had to submit a <br>
request through the Freedom of Information Act. I have requested through the <br>
FOIA the USACE responses to the questions raised at the August 7 meeting, but at <br>
this writing I have not yet received them. <br>
<br>
3. Injection Wells. .Once fracking waste is received at the injection well <br>
sites, it is injected into wells to a depth of about 3,000 feet. Injection wells <br>
are prohibited from injecting into geological formations with oil & gas reserves <br>
and in close proximity to oil & gas-producing wells. Questions have been raised <br>
about whether the Ohio Department of Natural Resources, which is responsible for <br>
issuing permits for injecting fracking waste, closely monitors these rules. As <br>
is the situation for hydraulic fracturing, injection well pipes are encased to <br>
prevent leakage and fractures of the piping. Water aquifers are usually located <br>
200-300 feet below the surface. Under ideal circumstances fracking waste should <br>
not be seeping into water aquifers or into oil & gas reserves. However, some <br>
independent oil & gas producers are reporting that fracking waste is coming out <br>
of their producing wells and destroying them for oil & gas production. These <br>
producers have raised this concern to at least one state legislator who has been <br>
in contact with ODNR. On September 4, 2020 ODNR announced that they will be <br>
conducting an investigation into whether fracking waste is entering water <br>
aquifers. It is unlikely that any evidence will be found of fracking waste in <br>
the aquifers of the region at this time, but given the shear amount of fracking <br>
waste being injected into the ground in this region and the questions about ODNR <br>
oversight of rules governing injection of fracking waste, such contamination is <br>
possible. These local oil & gas producers are involved in some legal action i<br>
--<br>
George Banziger<br>
202 Lawton Road<br>
Marietta, OH 45750-1111<br>
740-434-5685<br>
cell: 740-434-3354<br>
<br>
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</blockquote></div>